{"id":5401,"date":"2020-08-29T12:42:38","date_gmt":"2020-08-29T10:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/regions-snetap-fsu.fr\/hdf\/?p=5401"},"modified":"2020-09-07T12:02:25","modified_gmt":"2020-09-07T10:02:25","slug":"calais-des-victimes-des-politiques-migratoires-europeennes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/regions-snetap-fsu.fr\/hdf\/2020\/08\/29\/calais-des-victimes-des-politiques-migratoires-europeennes\/","title":{"rendered":"Calais, des victimes des politiques migratoires europ\u00e9ennes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 Calais, Abdulfatah Hamdallah, victime des politiques migratoires europ\u00e9ennes<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/h2>\n

Action collective<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Le 19 ao\u00fbt dernier, Abdulfatah Hamdallah, un exil\u00e9 soudanais originaire du Kordofan occidental, a \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9 mort sur une plage de Sangatte, dans le Pas-de-Calais, apr\u00e8s avoir tent\u00e9 de traverser le d\u00e9troit qui s\u00e9pare le Royaume-Uni de la France \u00e0 bord d\u2019une embarcation de fortune\u00a0[1].<\/span><\/p>\n

Encore un mort. Un mort de plus…<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Abdulfatah Hamdallah n\u2019est pas le premier \u00e0 avoir trouv\u00e9 la mort en tentant de rallier l\u2019Angleterre. \u00c0 Calais comme ailleurs dans l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) [2] et aux portes de celle-ci, des hommes, des femmes, des enfants meurent en essayant de franchir les fronti\u00e8res dans l\u2019espoir d\u2019\u00e9chapper \u00e0 la guerre, aux pers\u00e9cutions, \u00e0 la mis\u00e8re ou tout simplement \u00e0 la recherche d\u2019une vie meilleure. Les militant-es pr\u00e9sent-es sur le terrain ont calcul\u00e9 que, depuis 1999, au moins 275 personnes \u00e9taient mortes dans cette zone transfrontali\u00e8re : mortes noy\u00e9es en tentant de traverser la Manche ou de monter \u00e0 bord d\u2019un ferry dans le port de Calais, mortes \u00e9cras\u00e9es par la cargaison d\u2019un camion dans lequel elles s\u2019\u00e9taient cach\u00e9es, \u00e9lectrocut\u00e9es par les cat\u00e9naires de l\u2019Eurostar ou tout simplement victimes des d\u00e9faillances dans l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux soins ou de l\u2019absence de dispositifs d\u2019accueil [3].<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

Marl\u00e8ne Schiappa, ministre d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e charg\u00e9e de la citoyennet\u00e9, a cru bon r\u00e9agir sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et a tweet\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Ce drame insupportable nous mobilise encore + avec @GDarmanin contre les passeurs qui profitent de la d\u00e9tresse d\u2019\u00eatres humains\u00a0!\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0[4]. La ministre de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur britannique, Piri Patel, lui a embo\u00eet\u00e9 le pas en d\u00e9clarant\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Il s\u2019agit de la perte bouleversante et tragique d\u2019une jeune vie. Cet horrible incident nous rappelle brutalement l\u2019existence des odieux gangs criminels et des passeurs de clandestins qui exploitent les personnes vuln\u00e9rables. En travaillant ensemble, nous sommes d\u00e9termin\u00e9s \u00e0 les arr\u00eater\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0[5].<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u2019une pierre, deux coups. \u00c0 l\u2019unisson, gouvernements britannique et fran\u00e7ais usent des m\u00eames arguments. Non seulement ils se d\u00e9douanent de leur responsabilit\u00e9 dans le d\u00e9c\u00e8s d\u2019Abdulfatah Hamdallah, mais ils mobilisent –\u00a0une fois de plus\u00a0– la figure du \u00ab\u00a0passeur\u00a0\u00bb pour d\u00e9signer l\u2019unique coupable des \u00ab\u00a0drames de l\u2019immigration\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Or, il serait bon de rappeler quelques \u00e9vidences. \u00ab\u00a0Les passeurs\u00a0\u00bb et autres \u00ab\u00a0odieux gangs criminels\u00a0\u00bb n\u2019existent que parce que des personnes en exil, fuyant guerres et pouvoirs autoritaires, crises \u00e9conomiques et \u00e9cologiques, sont priv\u00e9es de leur libert\u00e9 de circuler. Depuis pr\u00e8s de 30\u00a0ans, l\u2019UE et ses \u00c9tats membres n\u2019ont eu de cesse, par tous moyens, de vouloir refouler toujours plus loin les \u00ab\u00a0ind\u00e9sirables\u00a0\u00bb en qu\u00eate de protection. Ce qui se passe dans le d\u00e9troit du Pas-de-Calais n\u2019est qu\u2019une sinistre reproduction des situations en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e ou la mer \u00c9g\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n

La fronti\u00e8re franco-britannique n\u2019est donc pas une exception. Une succession de textes et d\u2019accords bilat\u00e9raux\u00a0[6], ont transform\u00e9 cet espace transfrontalier en zone fortifi\u00e9e, toujours davantage contr\u00f4l\u00e9e, entravant toujours plus les tentatives d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9es des exil\u00e9\u22c5es. Apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9rection de barri\u00e8res au niveau du site et de la rocade portuaire en 2014\u00a0[7], est venue la fortification du site Eurotunnel en 2015\u00a0[8], puis la construction d\u2019un \u00ab\u00a0mur v\u00e9g\u00e9talis\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb destin\u00e9 \u00e0 emp\u00eacher toute tentative d\u2019intrusion sur la rocade portuaire. Ces derniers jours, face \u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de plusieurs bateaux depuis les c\u00f4tes fran\u00e7aises, les autorit\u00e9s britanniques ont fait assaut d\u2019imagination, pour rendre cette travers\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0impraticable\u00a0\u00bb selon les termes du premier ministre britannique\u00a0[9]\u00a0jusqu\u2019\u00e0 envisager de d\u00e9ployer des navires de la marine, des drones et m\u00eame des avions.<\/span><\/p>\n

La dissuasion violente comme seule perspective politique. Pour les personnes exil\u00e9es bloqu\u00e9es \u00e0 Calais, la situation est devenue un enfer au quotidien\u00a0[10]\u00a0: soumises \u00e0 des conditions de vie indignes et en butte quotidiennement aux intimidations et aux violences polici\u00e8res\u00a0[11].<\/span><\/p>\n

La mort d\u2019Abdulfatah Hamdallah, pas plus que toutes les autres, n\u2019est un \u00ab\u00a0drame humain\u00a0\u00bb due \u00e0 d\u2019\u00ab\u00a0odieux gangs de criminels et de passeurs\u00a0\u00bb. Elle est la cons\u00e9quence des politiques migratoires meurtri\u00e8res de l\u2019UE et des \u00c9tats membres qui ne laissent comme seule alternative aux exil\u00e9\u22c5es que la prise des risques inconsid\u00e9r\u00e9s afin de chercher une protection ou un avenir meilleur que ni leur pays, ni l\u2019Europe ne veulent leur offrir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paris, le 28 ao\u00fbt 2020<\/span><\/p>\n

Signataires<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n

Actes & Cit\u00e9s<\/span>
\nADRA France \u2013 Antenne de Dunkerque<\/span>
\nL\u2019Auberge des Migrants<\/span>
\nAssociation ACCMV (Grande-Synthe)<\/span>
\nCimade Nord Picardie<\/span>
\nGisti<\/span>
\nHuman Rights Observers<\/span>
\nMigraction59, Plateforme d\u2019h\u00e9bergement citoyen<\/span>
\nMigreurop<\/span>
\nMRAP – Littoral dunkerquois<\/span>
\nOxford Against Immigration Detention<\/span>
\nSalam Nord Pas-de-Calais<\/span>
\nSolidarity Border<\/span>
\nStatewatch<\/span>
\nTerre d\u2019errance \u2013 Norrent-Fontes<\/span>
\nUtopia 56 Grande-Synthe<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]\u00a0The Guardian, 20 ao\u00fbt 2020, \u00ab\u00a0Drowned Sudanese refugee identified as Abdulfatah Hamdallah\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]\u00a0Cartographie\u00a0#Theborderkills.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]\u00a0Article \u00ab\u00a0Voir Calais et mourir\u00a0\u00bb paru en juin 2016 dans la revue Plein droit\u00a0;\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9num\u00e9ration non exhaustive sur timeglider.com des personnes migrantes d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9es \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re entre la France et l\u2019Angleterre\u00a0;\u00a0L\u2019observatoire des migrants morts \u00e0 Calais<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]\u00a0Tweet de Marl\u00e8ne Schiappa, 19 ao\u00fbt 2020, 10:50 AM.<\/span><\/p>\n

[5]\u00a0Tweet de Piri Patel, 19 ao\u00fbt 2020, 12:00 PM.<\/span><\/p>\n

[6]\u00a0Du protocole de Sangatte (1991) au Trait\u00e9 du Touquet (2003), en passant par le Trait\u00e9 de Sandhurst (2018)<\/span><\/p>\n

[7]\u00a0Les barri\u00e8res \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du site portuaire sont doubl\u00e9es\u00a0; sur une distance de deux kilom\u00e8tres le long de la rocade acc\u00e9dant \u00e0 la zone portuaire, une double cl\u00f4ture est \u00e9rig\u00e9e, l\u2019une de 4\u00a0m\u00e8tres de haut et l\u2019autre d\u2019un peu moins de 3\u00a0m\u00e8tres, \u00e9quip\u00e9e d\u2019une rampe d\u2019acc\u00e8s incurv\u00e9e pour \u00e9viter qu\u2019on ne s\u2019y s\u2019agrippe, et surmont\u00e9e d\u2019un fil barbel\u00e9. Entre les deux cl\u00f4tures, un espace de d\u00e9tection infrarouge a \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

[8]\u00a029 kms de barri\u00e8res sont \u00e9rig\u00e9es pour \u00ab\u00a0s\u00e9curiser\u00a0\u00bb le site, une centaine d\u2019hectares bois\u00e9s sont ras\u00e9s et Eurotunnel acquiert des drones pour faciliter la d\u00e9tection des \u00ab\u00a0intrus\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

[9]\u00a0InfoMigrants, 10 ao\u00fbt 2020, \u00ab\u00a0Face \u00e0 l\u2019afflux de migrants, Londres veut rendre \u201cimpraticable\u201d la travers\u00e9e de la Manche\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

[10]\u00a0L\u2019Humanit\u00e9, 11\u00a0ao\u00fbt 2020, \u00ab\u00a0Calais\u00a0: l\u2019\u00c9tat aggrave la situation des exil\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

[11]\u00a0Ouest France, 14\u00a0ao\u00fbt 2020, \u00ab\u00a0Migrants. Des associations de Calais saisissent la D\u00e9fenseure des droits et des rapporteurs de l\u2019ONU\u00a0– 13 associations d\u2019aide aux migrants bas\u00e9es \u00e0 Calais ont saisi ce vendredi 14 ao\u00fbt la D\u00e9fenseure des droits et des rapporteurs de l\u2019ONU pour \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9noncer les exactions r\u00e9currentes commises par les pouvoirs publics\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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